David Rosenhan (1973) sent eight normal people to various psychiatric hospitals. All eight complained of hearing voices that said "empty," "hollow," and "thud." After being admitted to one of the hospitals, each person acted normally, yet all were diagnosed as schizophrenic. One of the conclusions from this study is that:
A) clinicians are unable to detect "real" schizophrenia.
B) the expectations produced by labeling can alter perception.
C) hospitals can produce schizophrenic behavior in normal people.
D) auditory hallucinations are sufficient for diagnosis as schizophrenic.
Ans: B) the expectations produced by labeling can alter perception.
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