What is data independence, and why is it lacking in file systems?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Data independence exists when you can change the data storage characteristics without impeding the program's ability to access the data.
Any program that accesses a file system's file must tell the computer not only what to do, but how to do it. Consequently, each program must contain lines that specify the opening of a specific type of file, its record specification, and its field definitions. Data dependence makes the file system extremely cumbersome from the point of view of a programmer and database manager.
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The ___________ states that code should be granted only the amount of privilege and access that it needs to accomplish its designated task.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Certificates are issued by trusted companies that are known as certification ________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value provides the range in a data set
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Comments are notes explaining VBA program code and appear in blue.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)