What is the term used by Frankl (1963) to describe the process of moving beyond the self, allowing the therapist to go beyond the limit of him- or herself and directly experience the client’s inner world of pain or joy?

a. Selflessness
b. Understanding
c. Empathy
d. Self-transcendence


d. Self-transcendence

Counseling

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According to Freud, the oedipal stage, in which they want their opposite-sex parent all to themselves and hate their same-sex parent, happens to

a. girls between the ages of 1 and 3. b. boys between the ages of 1 and 3. c. girls and boys between the ages of 1 and 3. d. girls and boys between the ages of 3 and 6. e. girls and boys between the ages of 8 and 12.

Counseling

Falsifying information in a self-report measure in attempts to promote social desirability, as shown with WWI respondents of the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet, was addressed by the creation of __________, which attempt to reveal the extent to which a client’s responses are forthright.

a. personality assessments b. projective tests c. validity scales d. reliability scales

Counseling

The textbook indicates that the strength of naturalistic observation is high ______.

A. internal validity B. external validity C. construct validity D. replicability

Counseling

In the research example of laboratory observation, the researchers were interested in ______.

A. the behaviors that children use to exclude a newcomer B. the behaviors that adults use to exclude a newcomer C. cheating behavior of children playing the game “Pictionary” D. diffusion of responsibility in small groups

Counseling