When implementing a spelling program in her classroom, Ms. Nelson recognizes that invented spelling, which is spelling constructed by listening to the sounds heard in a word, is:
a. an academic problem that requires immediate intervention so that the student can progress to correct spelling conventions.
b. an aberration in the students' learning process. Most children do not spell words in an invented manner.
c. a developmentally appropriate process in a students' progress which allows the observer to assess important aspects of the students' phonemic awareness.
d. similar to miscues in reading and if not self-corrected may lead to life-long challenges with spelling.
c
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The results of DIBELS Next Phonemic Segmentation Fluency at the end of kindergarten
a. indicate which students may need the support of Tier 2 or Tier 3 instruction at the beginning of first grade. b. indicate which students have learning disabilities c. provide information on a relatively important phonicsskill. d. provide a key indicator of students' listening comprehension.
The assumption that learners connect prior knowledge with new knowledge to construct meaning is the basis of
A. authentic learning. B. behavioral theory. C. peer-mediated instruction. D. task analysis.
Young siblings of a child with a disability are likely to
A) have the opposite reaction to the sibling than do their parents. B) deny that the child with a disability is different. C) avoid seeking information from others about the disability. D) have just as difficult, if not more difficult time coping with their feelings than their parents.
Each of the following is an appropriate assessment accommodation for students with language disorders except:
A. Provide the students with additional time to take the test B. Change multiple choice items to essay items C. Provide visual supports D. Allow the students to use a word processor