Which of the following statements about telenursing is accurate?
1. Since telenursing is a new subspecialty, standards of practice have yet to be developed.
2. Telenursing should be taught at a graduate school level.
3. The International TeleNurses Association (ITNA) published International Competencies for Telenursing in 2007.
4. The International TeleNurses Association (ITNA) was founded in 1995 to promote and support nursing involvement in telehealth and serve as a resource for nurses.
4
Rationale: The International TeleNurses Association (ITNA) was founded in 1995 to promote and support nursing involvement in telehealth and serve as a resource for nurses. The International Council of Nurses (ICN) published International Competencies for Telenursing in 2007. The ICN acknowledges the role of telenurses in addressing health system challenges. The American Nurses Association (1999) published their Core Principles on Telehealth in 1999. These guidelines are intended to help nurses protect client privacy during the delivery of telehealth services. The American Academy of Ambulatory Care Nursing published Telehealth Nursing Practice Essentials in 2009, the Telehealth Nursing Practice Core Course CD-ROM, and its fourth edition of Telehealth Nursing Practice Standards in 2007. Other health care providers have also developed policy statements or standards of practice, and special interest groups have formed. Telehealth nursing practice is now considered to be a subspecialty of nursing; although Grady and Schlachta-Fairchild (2007) note that the majority of telenurses are not certified in telemedicine, telenursing, or nursing informatics at present, they believe that basic telehealth principles should be integrated into the basic nursing curriculum, which may lead to certification.
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a. Jean Watson c. Dorothea Orem b. Imogene King d. Sister Callista Roy
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1. "Cesarean birth after extended labor with ruptured membranes." 2. "Unassisted childbirth and afterbirth." 3. "External fetal monitoring used throughout labor." 4. "The client has history of pregnancy-induced hypertension."
A nurse is doing an assessment interview with a client. The client tells the nurse that he has a type A personality. The nurse can anticipate that the client will:
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