List at least five ethical guidelines to follow when writing a research report. Explain the importance of each in depth.
What will be an ideal response?
(1) Maintain a full record of the research project so that questions can be answered if they arise. Many details will have to be omitted from all but the most comprehensive reports, but these omissions should not make it impossible to track down answers to specific questions about research procedures that may arise in the course of data analysis or presentation. (2) Avoid “lying with statistics” or using graphs to mislead. (3) Acknowledge the sponsors of the research. This is important, in part, so that others can consider whether this sponsorship may have tempted you to bias your results in some way. (4) Thank staff who made major contributions. This is an ethical as well as a political necessity. Let us maintain our social relations! Be sure that the order of authorship for coauthored reports is discussed in advance and reflects agreed-upon principles. Be sensitive to coauthors’ needs and concerns. (5) Provide an honest accounting of how the research was carried out and where the initial research design had to be changed. Readers do not have to know about every change you made in your plans and each new idea you had, but they should be informed about major changes in hypotheses or research design.
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If a correlation coefficient equals .30, then:
a. The relationship is weak. b. 9 percent of the dependent variable variation is explained. c. 30 percent of the dependent variable variation is explained. d. The relationship is strong
Cumulative disadvantage refers to
a) individuals who begin life with disadvantages tend accumulate them throughout a lifetime b) individuals who begin life with advantages tend accumulate disadvantages throughout a lifetime c) individuals who begin life with advantages tend accumulate disadvantages throughout a lifetime d) individuals who begin life with disadvantages tend accumulate advantages throughout a lifetime
The hourly wages (in dollars) of seven employees in a small company are as follows: 18 16 20 12 14 12 10
Find (a) the mode, (b) the median, and (c) the mean. What would be an ideal response?
According to Holland, social types of personality dislike
a. being in the company of other people when they have problems. b. being the center of attention. c. working with machines or data and at highly organized, routine, and repetitive tasks. d. expressing their emotions.