A couple is in counseling. The woman states that she drinks because he rejects her. The man states that he rejects her because she drinks. It appears that, in this example of bidirectionality, __________.
A. the drinking is probably the actual predisposing cause for the problems in the marriage
B. the rejection is probably the actual predisposing cause for the problems in the marriage
C. the drinking and rejection influence and maintain each other
D. the drinking and rejection are caused by another, third variable unknown to the couple
Answer: C
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Tiffany is researching methods used to treat autism spectrum disorders and begins by searching on the Internet. Which statement should make her suspicious that she is on a site rooted in pseudoscience? a. The entire website is plastered with testimonials from family members that describe seemingly miraculous cures. b. The site contains links to research published in peer-reviewed journals
that evaluate the treatment method. c. The treatment methods described on the site are clearly defined, as are the expected outcomes. d. The site provides clear explanations of how the treatment methods are tied to existing theories of the causes of autism.
Katarina used to get asked to dance a lot, but over the year people have asked her less and less, and now she has stopped going to the club. This is an example of:
a. negative reinforcement. b. positive reinforcement. c. punishment. d. extinction.
According to the article PPll lease Pass the Vegetabll lesabout egocentricity in small children, Borke (1975) made Piaget's mountain problem much easier by:
(a) putting more detail on the mountains (b) taking the kids on hikes first to see the mountains (c) showing videos of other kids solving the mountain problem (d) changing the mountains to lakes, making it the three lake problem
Five-month-old Michelle is especially fond of her mother. She exhibits stranger anxiety and fusses when left with a babysitter. This is an example of which of Bowlby's attachment phases?
A. phase 1 B. phase 2 C. phase 3 D. phase 4