Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and potassium between cells and body fluids?
A) K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids
B) Na+ mainly in the cells, K+ in the body fluids
C) equal amounts of each ion in the cells and body fluids
D) little of either in the cells, but large amounts of each in the body fluids
A) K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids
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In the plateau region of the Hb-O2 curve, a large decrease in results in a small decrease in Hb saturation, whereas in the steep portion of the curve, a small decrease in results in a large decrease in percent Hb saturation
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which portion of the renal tubule has a brush border created by the presence of many microvilli?
A) distal tubule B) ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle) C) proximal tubule D) descending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle)
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as progesterone, exert their effects by forming hormone-receptor complexes that
A. activate a G protein and second-messenger cascade. B. activate adenylate cyclase. C. open ion channels in the cell membrane. D. bind to DNA and initiate transcription.
Matching
A) Metabolic alkalosis B) Respiratory acidosis C) Metabolic acidosis D) Respiratory alkalosis 21) Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes mellitus. 22) Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or narcotic overdose. 23) Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack. 24) Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids.