Routine Activities Theory contains three factors. Select the one below that is not one of the factors described in Routine Activities Theory.
a. Suitable victim
b. Motivated offender
c. Capable guardianship
d. Suitable target
a. Suitable victim
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In some instances, fatigue and pain can render an accused's statement involuntary
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Match the following impossibility tests with the characteristics listed below.
A. According to this test, an attempted murder would not occur until the trigger had been pulled; an attempted arson would not occur until the fire had been set. B. Under this test, an attempt occurs when a person has performed all of the acts that he or she believed were necessary to carry out the action that would constitute an underlying offense. C. Under this approach, an attempt has not been committed unless the accused has the immediate power to actually carry through with the crime at the time of the intervention of the police. D. Under this test, the perpetrator need not have advanced to the final step of a crime, but the conduct must be very close to the completed crime. E. The factors which are used in this test to decide whether an attempt was accomplished are the closeness of a danger, the significance of the harm, and the level of apprehension felt by a potential victim. F. Under this test, a person is guilty of attempt when his or her conduct is extremely close to success, or when an act is so near to the result that the probability of success is very great. G. This test requires that a suspect must have done or omitted to do something that constitutes a needed act toward the commission of the substantive offense. H. Under this test, a person who purchases flammable materials and soaks rags in them could be convicted of attempted arson without his doing anything else, because the purchase, coupled with the act of soaking the rags, may be deemed sufficient to prove attempted arson. I. Under this test, a suspect who has not yet gained control over a necessary instrumentality of the criminal plan cannot be guilty of attempt. J. Under this test, a person planning a killing by shooting who has not obtained a gun, or a person planning arson who has not yet acquired the incendiary material necessary to start a fire, could not be held guilty for attempted arson. K. This test does not look at how close the defendant came to succeeding but at whether his or her conduct was indicative of his criminal intent. L. Under this test, an attempt occurs when a person's conduct alone unambiguously manifests his or her criminal intent.
Which of the following is not true of federal district court judges?
a. They are nominated by the President. b. They must be confirmed by the U.S. Senate. c. They must reside in their district. d. They are appointed for eight year terms.
Police brutality, corruption, and political spoils were the primary focus of the
a. Knapp Commission. b. National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders. c. Wickersham Commission. d. Gaines Commission.