The most important pathophysiologic factor contributing to the formation of esophageal varices is:
A. Decreased prothrombin formation
B. Decreased albumin formation by the liver
C. Portal hypertension
D. Increased central venous pressure
Answer: C
Explanation: As the liver cells become fatty and degenerate, they are no longer able to accommodate the large amount of blood necessary for homeostasis. The pressure in the liver increases and causes increased pressure in the venous system. As the portal pressure increases, fluid exudes into the abdominal cavity. This is called ascites.
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