Time Dilation: A spaceship enters the solar system moving toward the Sun at a constant speed relative to the Sun. By its own clock, the time elapsed between the time it crosses the orbit of Jupiter and the time it crosses the orbit of Mars is 50.0 minutes. How fast is the spaceship traveling towards the Sun? The radius of the orbit of Jupiter is 778 × 109 m, and that of the orbit of Mars is 228 × 109 m.
A. 0.319c
B. 0.438c
C. 0.522c
D. 0.671c
E. 0.982c
Answer: C
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Photon energies and wavelengths are _________related to each other.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
A diffraction grating with 396 lines/mm is illuminated with light of wavelength 343 nm. What is the angular separation between the two second-order bright fringes?
A) 31.5° B) 15.8° C) 32.9°
For a pair of dice, how many microstates are there that result in the macrostate of rolling a 7?
a. 1 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 e. 36
Frank says that quantum mechanics does not apply to baseballs because they do not jump from quantum state to quantum state when being thrown. Francine agrees with him. She says that there is no uncertainty in a baseball's position or momentum. Are they correct, or not, and why?
a. They are correct because the first excited state of a baseball is at a higher energy that any baseball ever receives. Therefore we cannot determine whether or not there is uncertainty in its position or momentum. b. They are correct because the first excited state of a baseball is at a higher energy that any baseball ever receives. Therefore its position and momentum are completely uncertain until it is caught. c. They are wrong because the baseball goes through so many quantum states in being thrown that we cannot observe the transitions. The uncertainties in its position and momentum are too small to observe. d. They are wrong because the baseball goes through so many quantum states in being thrown that we cannot observe the transitions. Because of the number of transitions its position and momentum are completely uncertain until it is caught. e. Quantum mechanics states that they are correct as long as they do not make any observations, but wrong as soon as they begin to make observations.