The C. burnetii, an acute systemic infection, primarily affects the lungs and can exist in two antigenic states. The reference method that is both highly specific and sensitive and is recom-mended for identification is:
a. immunofluorescent antibody (IFA).
b. direct fluorescent antibody (DFA).
c. Western blot.
d. latex agglutination.
A
C. burnetii can exist in two antigenic states. When isolated from animals, C. burnetii is in a phase I (large-cell variant) form and is highly infectious. In its phase II form (small-cell variant), C. burnetii has been grown in cultured cell lines and is not infectious but acts like a spore assisting in extracellular survival of the organism. IFA is considered the reference method for both acute and chronic Q fever that is both highly specific and sensitive and is recommended for its reliability, cost effectiveness, and ease of performance.
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