Compare and contrast the "neutral-at-birth" position versus the "sexuality-at-birth" position.
What will be an ideal response?
The "neutral at birth" view argues that children gain a gender identity through socialization and thus chromosomes are not the critical factor in determining gender identity. This view suggests that children raised as a gender other than what would be expected given their chromosomes will be satisfied with that gender; however, that view is not supported by studies of ablatio penis cases. The"sexuality at birth" view suggests that prenatal hormone exposure is taken into account when a child's gender is assigned in cases of ambiguous genitalia at birth. Diamond, who argued for the "sexuality-at-birth" hypothesis, states that prenatal hormone exposure results in external genitalia that are more consistent with a person's chromosomal sex than with the other sex, and that is why a person may accept an assigned gender.
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Chandni’s state is gripped by a flu epidemic. Chandni is alert to the slightest hint of a scratchy throat, and the faintest suggestion of aching joints. After all, her friend Pippa tested positive for the flu, and is staying home from school and work, drinking hot tea and sleeping most of the day. Which statement is true?
A. Both Chandni and Pippa display illness behavior. B. Both Chandni and Pippa display sick-role behavior. C. Chandni exhibits illness behavior, whereas Pippa displays sick-role behavior. D. Chandni exhibits sick-role behavior, whereas Pippa displays illness behavior.
The evolutionary approach explains behavior and mental processes by focusing on:
A. unconscious factors B. adaptation and natural selection C. learned behavior D. biological influences
Ann believes that good things happen to her when she works hard. From a social cognitive perspective, Ann has:
A. self-actualized B. self-focused control C. an external locus of control D. an internal locus of control
Which of the following is NOT one of the workplace variables described by Albrecht (1979)?
a) task variety b) mental challenge c) job status d) financial power