The nurse is helping the family of an adolescent to understand why their child has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The nurse explains to the family that there are several theories of risk factors for schizophrenia
Which of the following factors will the nurse explain as a risk for the development of schizophrenia? 1. Smoking
2. Brain structure abnormalities
3. Allergy to certain foods
4. Association with psychotic clients
2. Brain structure abnormalities
Rationale:
Studies have shown that a group of clients with schizophrenia differ in their brain structure from people who do not have the disease. MRI studies have shown that some with schizophrenia show changes in their frontotemporal cortical gray matter. Smoking, allergies to foods, and association with others have not been shown to cause schizophrenia.
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An expectant couple asks the nurse about intercourse during pregnancy and whether it is safe for the baby. What should the nurse tell the couple?
a. Intercourse is safe until the third trimester. b. Safer sex practices should be used once the membranes rupture. c. Intercourse should be avoided if any spotting from the vagina occurs afterward. d. Intercourse and orgasm are often contraindicated if a history of or signs of preterm labor are present.
The nurse is working with the family of a baby born with a cleft lip and cleft palate. The family has shown a lot of negative feelings toward the baby and seems preoccupied with the baby's appearance
Which of the following actions by the nurse would be best? a. Provide support, model accepting behaviors, and encourage touching and holding. b. Tell the family that this is a time then they must stand strong and help their baby. c. Suggest that there have been worse cases than this one, which is not all that bad. d. Ask the family to think about the fact that at least they have a baby even if it is not perfect.
Which of the following statements summarizes Vygotskys theory of development?
a. All children develop cognitively at the same rate b. Social and cultural influences are not major factors in cognitive development. c. Learning is an individual activity. d. Experience creates learning.
Which type of brain-imaging techniques will provide information about brain activity based on the use of glucose in the brain?
1. CT scans 2. EEG 3. PET scans 4. MRI images