The advent of genomic sequencing and annotations using bioinformatics has led to the realization that some of the long-held beliefs about prokaryotic genome structure were incorrect. Which of the following has not been refuted by modern bioinformatic
discoveries?
A) All bacterial genomes are circular.
B) Prokaryote genomes do not contain introns.
C) Prokaryotes have a single chromosome.
D) Bacterial genomes are always smaller than eukaryotic genomes.
Answer: B
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Which was likely the first of the following metabolic pathways or structures to evolve?
A. fermentation B. the citric acid cycle C. electron transport complexes I, II, and III D. ATP synthase E. All four probably arose at the same time in an early prokaryote.
Most eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria, but a few single-celled eukaryotic organisms found in oxygen-free environments do not
Which of the following observations led biologists to reject the hypothesis that these mitochondria-free eukaryotes evolved BEFORE the endosymbiotic event that established mitochondria in other eukaryotes? A. All eukaryotes exhibit some sort of energy utilization. B. Some eukaryotes don't have mitochondria, they have chloroplasts instead. C. The nuclear genome of these mitochondria -free eukaryotes contains relics of mitochondrial genes. D. All eukaryotes have remnant chloroplast genes.
In most marine ecosystems, autochthonous inputs of organic carbon are greater than allochthonous inputs of carbon
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which process is necessary to prevent the doubling of genome size during sexual reproduction?
a) apoptosis b) meiosis c) mitosis d) metastasis e) contact inhibition