Ten-year-old Justin finds it difficult to solve a simple mathematical problem on his own. When his mother helps him solve the problem, he understands the method and finds it easy. This fills the gap between what he can do alone and what he can do with help. In the context of Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, which of the following concepts is exemplified in this scenario?
A. classical conditioning
B. zone of proximal development
C. authoritative parenting
D. analysis of free associations
Answer: B
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