Compare the relative levels of neurotransmitters when awake, in REM sleep, and in slow-wave sleep.
What will be an ideal response?
There are five predominant neurotransmitters involved. Norepinephrine, histamine, and orexin all act similarly. During wakefulness, the level of each of these is high. In contrast, these neurotransmitters are low for both REM and slow-wave sleep. In contrast, acetylcholine begins high during wakefulness, remains high for REM sleep, and drops low during slow-wave sleep. Finally, serotonin is high during wakefulness and is low for REM sleep. It decreases during slow-wave sleep, but is not quite at low levels.
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The field of behavioral genetics extends to studying the role of hereditary factors in psychological disorders such as depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Ramon and Edith have been married for 60 years and, when a local news station interviews them on their anniversary, they both say that their relationship keeps getting better and better, every year. What does longitudinal research on marital relationships say about how marital relationships change over time?
a. What matters is what they believe and if they believe their relationship is getting better, it must be getting better. b. When a marriage has lasted as long as theirs has, it is almost certainly getting better over time. c. In general, people in very long-term relationships will say they are getting better even if they are getting worse. d. While people may say their relationship is getting better, research indicates that their actual ratings of the relationship will either stay the same or get worse.
Justin was recently traded to a new football team, and he is having a hard time remembering all the new plays because he keeps using the plays from his former team. Based on what is known about memory failures, you should conclude that Justin's problem results from:
a. proactive interference b. retroactive interference c. transfer-appropriate processing d. chunking
A major complication involving combining medication and psychotherapy is that:
A) they often alter brain function in opposing ways. B) medication often reduces the effectiveness of psychotherapy. C) insurance companies do not cover psychotherapy but do cover medical treatment. D) it usually requires coordination among several mental health care providers.