Which of the following is one of the big differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication?
a. Helicase is not used by eukaryotes.
b. There is no topoisomerase found in eukaryotic cells.
c. In eukaryotic DNA replication, histones must be removed.
d. Only eukaryotes have Okazaki fragments to be ligated.
c. In eukaryotic DNA replication, histones must be removed.
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Centrioles, cilia, flagella, and basal bodies have remarkably similar structural elements and arrangements. Which of the following hypotheses is most plausible in light of such structural similarities?
A) Cilia and flagella arise from centrioles. B) Loss of basal bodies should prevent cells from dividing in two. C) Motor proteins such as dynein must have evolved before any of these four kinds of structure. D) Cilia and flagella evolved separately in the same ancestral eukaryotic organism. E) Natural selection for cell motility repeatedly selected for microtubular arrays in circular patterns in the evolution of each of these structures.
The normal human microbiota is considered part of the 1st line of defense because
A. microbiota cause an inflammatory response, eliminating pathogens. B. resident bacterial cells stimulate phagocytosis of pathogens. C. microbial antagonism keeps potential pathogens in check. D. pathogens and normal biota cannot exist in the same location.
The vestibular signals project to which of the following areas?
a. vestibular area of the somatosensory cortex b. temporal cortex and autonomic areas in the brainstem c. all of these are true d. spinal cord, pons, thalamus, and cerebellum
The operation of a synapse
a. results from the passage of an electrical charge across the gap. b. involves a transmitter substance from vesicles in the presynaptic neuron that acts upon a receptor site in the postsynaptic neuron. c. occurs only between two nerves. d. is limited only by the action of acetylcholinesterase. e. requires neurotransmitter to pass directly through the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic nerve.