A major challenge to full autonomy for nurses is/are
a. state nurse practice acts.
b. lobbyists for the American Medical Association (AMA) and hospital associations.
c. the status of nurses in hospital hierarchy.
d. the view of physicians as the gatekeepers in health care.
ANS: B
A
Although nurse practice acts in many states reinforce nursing's tenuous self-determination by requiring that nurses perform certain actions only when authorized by supervising physicians or hospital protocols, they are not the major challenge.
B
Historically at least three groups have attempted to control nursing practice, organized medicine, and health service administration, as well as organized nursing. However, both the medical profession and health services administration have attempted to control nursing because they believed it was in their best interest to keep nurses dependent on them.
C
Although status within the hospital may influence autonomy of practice, it is not the major challenge.
D
Although physician supervision or authorization is required before certain activities can occur, this is not the major challenge to nursing autonomy.
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