The American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) published management guidelines for heart failure
They have defined stage A as including patients with no symptoms or functional cardiac anomalies who have which of the following behaviors or conditions that are strongly associated with developing heart failure?
a. Hypertension, headaches, and schizophrenia
b. Tachycardia, scleroderma, and bipolar disease
c. Treatment with cardiotoxic drugs, hypertension, and diabetes
d. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and headaches
ANS: C
Treatment with cardiotoxic drugs (eg, doxorubicin, trastuzumab) combined with hypertension and diabetes correlates with a high risk of the development of heart failure.
Headaches and schizophrenia are not considered high risk for heart failure.
Scleroderma and bipolar disease do not correlate with a high risk for heart failure.
Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are associated with a risk, but not a high risk, for the development of heart failure.
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