The components of the second line of defense against microbes may be characterized as
A) responders to invasion.
B) passive barriers.
C) mechanisms to strengthen the first line of defense.
D) detecting the unique features of specific pathogens.
E) both passive barriers and detecting specific pathogen features.
A
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Most of the mRNA and protein molecules in the zygote are from the ____ because ____
a. mother; the fertilizing sperm contributes essentially no cytoplasm to the zygote b. mother; the fertilizing sperm contributes essentially no DNA to the zygote c. mother; the proteins in the egg degrade mRNA and protein molecules contained in the sperm d. father; the egg contributes essentially no cytoplasm to the zygote e. father; the egg contributes essentially no DNA to the zygote
A hydrostatic skeleton consists of _____
a. a fluid in an enclosed space b. hardened plates at the surface of a body c. internal hard parts d. none of these
Which of these are major causes of diarrhea?
A) infection of the lower intestinal tract B) infection of the upper intestinal tract C) hormonal stimulation D) nervous stimulation
Roots grow downward and shoots grow upward due to
A) cytokinin. B) ethylene. C) gibberellin. D) abscisic acid. E) auxin.