Clients who have a history of esophageal varices should avoid which of the following?
a. antibiotics
b. antihistamines
c. NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
d. laxatives
C
Esophageal varices are enlarged, twisted esophageal veins that are usually associated with chronic liver obstruction such as occurs in cirrhosis; they are asymptomatic until they rupture and hemorrhage. Medical management includes medications prescribed to prevent esophageal irritation, to control bleeding, and to control pain following sclerotherapy. Nursing care focuses on monitoring the client's vital signs and overall condition for evidence of bleeding and alleviating client anxiety. Teaching should include avoiding medications, which will promote bleeding such as NSAIDs, aspirin, and anticoagulants.
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When teaching a client how to inject heparin subcutaneously, which of the following would the nurse include? Select all that apply
A) Holding the needle at a 45-degree angle B) Pinching a fold of skin C) Aspirating before injecting the drug D) Applying firm pressure after injection E) Changing sites for each dose
A patient presents with aphasia, decreased level of consciousness, and right-sided weakness
The patient has a history of heart disease, hyperlipidemia, and transient ischemic attacks. Based on the history, the nurse suspects that the patient has sustained which type of stroke? a. Hemorrhagic stroke b. Intracerebral hemorrhages c. Subarachnoid hemorrhages d. Ischemic stroke
The client with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis reports skin flushing and itching while taking nicotinic acid. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "Take this product with meals." B. "Take this product at bedtime." C. "Avoid taking aspirin with this product." D. "Avoid smoking cigarettes while taking this product."
The nurse prepares to administer an irritating medication by the Z-track technique. Which does the nurse use to administer this IM injection properly?
1. Insert needle and pull skin 1 to 2 inches laterally before injection. 2. Have client lie in supine position to prevent medication leakage. 3. Wait 10 seconds and release skin before withdrawing the syringe. 4. Pull client's skin about inches laterally before inserting needle.