A patient reports increased frequency in voiding and the feeling that she is not completely emptying her bladder. Your examination reveals costovertebral angle tenderness. These findings most likely indicate
a. cystitis.
b. increased pressure from the developing fetus.
c. urinary tract infection.
d. dehydration.
C
Dysuria can include difficulty in initiating urinary flow, increased urinary frequency, a feeling of being unable to empty the bladder. Dysuria results from a urinary tract infection. Pain in the flank area (costovertebral angle tenderness) also occurs with lower urinary tract infection. Increased pressure from the developing fetus causes physiological changes that increases the odds of infection, and may include inflammation of the bladder (cystitis). These findings do not indicate dehydration.
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