Explain the process that led to the development of crimes being an act in violation of a king or queen’s authority.
What will be an ideal response?
After the fall of the Roman Empire large populations of commoners were unskilled laborers. These unskilled laborers or peasants were given a small plot of land, by the manor lords, to work and raise crops for their own purposes while also working the fields of the manor lord. In essence, these commoners were little more than slaves of the state. Simultaneously, the royalty had established themselves as being the absolute power. Ultimately, all forms of revenue obtained from fines went to the state (or the Crown), and the state administered all punishments. This also led to the development of crime being an act in violation of a king or queen’s authority. This meant that harsh punishments deterred those who might challenge the ruler’s position, thereby solidifying the secular approach to punishment and corrections. It was at this time that criminal behavior became widely recognized as an offense against the state.
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a. U.S. Marshals b. U.S. Postal Inspection Service c. U.S. Secret Service d. U.S. Customs Service
According to Lyman, which of the following is not one of the three most fundamental duties performed by police?
A) protection of life B) delivery of service C) maintenance of order D) protection of property
A problem that comparative researchers often face is
A) Too much data from historical or geographical periods B) A lack of data from some historical periods C) A lack of data from some geographical units D) Both B and C
How can a researcher always ensure that attributes are exhaustive on surveys and questionnaires that they construct?
What will be an ideal response?