An elderly patient has arrived at the physician's office complaining of a rash. Upon further investigation, the patient states that the rash feels like a burning pain but also has some tingling
It is extreme sensitive to touch, and it's "like crazy." The nurse notes that the rash is made up of vesicles and located on the right thoracic region. The nurse suspects the patient has
A)
chickenpox.
B)
German measles.
C)
herpes zoster.
D)
human papillomavirus.
Ans:
C
Feedback:
All of the characteristics point to herpes zoster. The vesicles erupt for 3 to 5 days along the nerve pathway (hence the reason for the burning pain). Eruptions usually are unilateral in the thoracic region, trunk, or face. Rubella (German measles) is characterized by a diffuse, punctuate, macular rash that begins on the trunk and spreads to the arms and legs. Varicella (chickenpox) has a macular stage where it develops within hours over the trunk, spreading to the limbs, mucosa, scalp, axillae, upper respiratory tract, and conjunctiva. HPV causes genital warts and is a sexually transmitted disease.
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The nurse understands that how pain is transmitted and perceived is still not completely understood. The gate control theory proposed by Melza and Wall includes the following characteristics: Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. Large-diameter nerve fibers carry pain stimuli through a gate. 2. Peripheral nerve fibers carrying pain to the spinal cord can have their message modified at the spinal cord before transmission to the brain. 3. Certain cells can interrupt the pain messages. 4. A nerve pathway can carry only a few messages at a time. 5. To inhibit the pain message, another message must be sent on the nerve pathway for the brain to interpret.
A thermometer measured a child's temperature as 98.1°F one minute and as 98.1°F the next minute. What can we assume about the thermometer?
A) Valid instrument B) Reliable instrument C) Trustworthy instrument D) Dependable instrument
After having a difficult time saying "no" when asked to work yet another overtime shift, the nurse begins to feel overwhelmed and irritable. As a method to most effectively promote self-healing, what should this nurse do?
1. Clarify values and beliefs. 2. Set realistic goals. 3. Learn to manage stress. 4. Challenge the belief that others always come first.
Which of the following is not a rule for standard precautions?
A) Hands are washed only after gloves are removed. B) Masks and goggles should be worn if splashing of secretions is likely. C) Used needles should not be recapped before their disposal. D) Waterproof gowns should be worn if blood splattering might occur.