A temperate phage is defined as

a. being in an active lytic cycle.
b. having mutations that reduce its virulence.
c. being a particle outside a host cell.
d. being capable of lysogeny.
e. having mutations that prevent it from integrating into the bacterial genome.


Ans: d

Biology & Microbiology

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Metamorphosis is:

A. changing of one body form to another within a species, such as the change from an aquatic tadpole to a terrestrial frog B. an intermediate condition, such as length of legs in mice between longer legs of some mice and shorter legs in others, a condition caused by Hox genes C. the developmental changing of a scale to a feather D. the evolutionary transition from fishes to amphibians E. none of the choices provided

Biology & Microbiology

Innate immune mechanisms _____

a. are fast acting b. take about a week to 10 days to come into full effect c. are very specific for their targets d. are tailored to only a few specific pathogens e. are produced by genetic recombinations

Biology & Microbiology

Years before Schwann’s pronouncement that a cell

has a life of its own even as a component of a multicellular organism, the cell nucleus had been discovered by a. Robert Hooke. b. Robert Brown. c. Theodor Schwann. d. Rudolf Virchow. e. Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

Biology & Microbiology

Gram-negative bacteria do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Biology & Microbiology