Discuss the process of abolishing slavery in the Americas. Did the movement for abolition of slavery differ in the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean?
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
Students should recognize that during the movements for independence in all three places there were strong antislavery sentiments. The ideas of the Enlightenment, which provided an ideological foundation for independence, also addressed the evils of slavery. In regions where plantation economies were most prevalent, abolition met with the most resistance; however, slave revolts and resistance persisted in all of these areas. Both women and African Americans were active in the abolitionist movement in the United States. As the debate over slavery in the new territories boiled over, the Confederacy seceded from the Union. In 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which ended slavery in the Union states, and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution ended it for good in 1865. Slavery persisted for twenty more years in Brazil, where it was finally abolished in 1888. In the Caribbean, slave revolts and resistance weakened European imperial commitment to slavery, and the decreased profitability of sugar plantations convinced the British to push for the abolition of slavery there as well. The remaining Spanish colonies, Puerto Rico and Cuba, were the last to free the slaves.
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