The nurse is obtaining intake information on a new patient being seen for preconception care and notes a family history of neural tube defects
What interventions can the nurse suggest to this woman to help prevent neural tube anomalies in a developing fetus? (Select all that apply.)
a.
Avoid drug use.
b.
Follow a low-calorie, low-protein diet.
c.
Take a folic acid supplement every day.
d.
Exercise daily.
e.
Maintain bed rest during the first trimester.
ANS: A, C
The use of drugs during early pregnancy and poor nutrition may contribute to the development of a neural tube defect. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that all women of childbearing age take a daily multivitamin that contains 0.4 mg of folic acid and continue the intake of folic acid until the twelfth week of pregnancy, when basic neural tube development is completed. Studies have shown that the intake of folic acid before conception dramatically decreases the occurrence of neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Daily exercise and bed rest do not decrease the risk of neural tube anomalies.
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An older homeless patient is admitted to the hospital. The patient has no known family, is unresponsive, and his condition is considered guarded. What should be done to ensure appropriate healthcare decisions are made for this patient?
1. The homeless shelter will provide direction. 2. The patient will be represented by the hospital social worker. 3. The hospital will make decisions for the patient's healthcare. 4. The hospital will ask a judge to appoint a guardian for the patient.
The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program provides:
a. Well-child examinations for infants and children living at the poverty level b. Immunizations for high-risk infants and children c. Screening for infants with developmental disorders d. Supplemental food supplies to low-income women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
A 15-year-old adolescent is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The adolescent is febrile with chills that started suddenly. He states, "I had a sinus infection and sore throat a couple of days ago"
The nurse suspects bacterial meningitis based on which of the following? Select all answers that apply. A) Complaints of stiff neck B) Photophobia C) Absent headache D) Negative Brudzinski sign E) Vomiting
To enter pregnancy with adequate vitamin stores, women who are capable of becoming pregnant should obtain how many micrograms of folic acid daily through fortified foods or supplements?
1. 200 2. 300 3. 400 4. 500