The game of hide-and-seek is difficult for preschool children. When they attempt to hide, they are often still in plain view. They reason that if they cannot see others, others cannot see them. This is an example of __________
a) egocentric thought
b) symbolic function
c) centration
d) transformation
Answer: a
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Which statement most accurately summarizes an important point of controversy that has been debated among researchers who study reconstructive memory?
a. Some believe that post-event information actually alters a witness's real memory, whereas others believe itaffects only the reporting of the memory b. Some believe that post-event information can bias an eyewitness's reporting of an event, whereas othersbelieve that only information that is learned during acquisition can bias an eyewitness's reporting. c. Some believe that scientific jury selection is an effective way to reduce the chances that jurors will be biasedby reconstructive memory, whereas others believe that this strategy is unethical. d. Some believe that the use of peremptory challenges leads to false memories, whereas others believe it helpsensure accurate memories.
Psychosocial theory is considered a stage theory because at each stage,
a. failures at each stage prevent an individual from growing and developing to the next stage b. accomplishments from previous stages provide resources for mastering challenges at new stages c. there is no specific direction or order for the stages d. there is no underlying organization for progressive stages
A university student taking introductory psychology decides to test Piaget's theories of mental development on his 10-year-old sister, who loves hot dogs and is very hungry. He shows her two hot dogs. Then, while she is watching, he breaks one of the hot dogs in half. He asks if she would like one hot dog (the intact hot dog) or two hot dogs (the hot dog cut in half). Consistent with Piaget's
findings, the girl probably will: A) select the intact hot dog. B) select the hot dog cut in half. C) state that both choices are the same. D) become confused and have trouble deciding.
Piaget mistakenly believed that:
A) children begin to grasp the concept of object permanence during the sensorimotor stage. B) during the stage of concrete operations, children understand conservation. C) an understanding of self-awareness does not appear until the formal operational stage. D) preoperational children cannot take another person's point of view.