(a) How has the prevalence of learning disabilities changed since 1975? (b) Give three reasons frequently suggested for this change
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
(a) The number of students with learning disabilities has more than tripled between 1975-2000, after which there was a slow decline in numbers. There were 2,357,000 in 2010. However the percentage of learners receiving special education services for learning disabilities went from 20% in 1976 to 45% in 1990, after which the percentage leveled off until it began to decline slowly after 2000. The current percentage of learners with LD among all students receiving IDEA service is about 37%
(b) Students might cite any three of the following reasons:
• The category and the law were both new in 1975, so new identifications were possible
• LD doesn't carry the stigma that intellectual disability does.
• Improved screening allowed the identification of students to be made more appropriately.
• The LD category may be used as a way to get remedial help for struggling students.
• The LD identification avoids the court challenges associated with the use of IQ tests with racial minority students and intellectual disability identification.
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