A preschool-age child is seen in a pediatric oncology clinic. The nurse assigned to care for the client anticipates a diagnosis of cancer. Which reactions are considered common for the preschool-age child to experience with illnesses and hospitalizations?
Select all that apply.
A) Unawareness of the illness and its severity
B) Understanding of what cancer is and how it is treated
C) Thoughts that they caused their illness and are being punished
D) Confusion as to why a parent is unable to make the illness go away
E) Acceptance, especially if able to discuss the disease with children their own age
Answer: C, D
Preschool-age children are egocentric and have magical thinking, and thus might believe they caused their own illness. This age group may also be confused as to why their parents cannot make the illness go away. Immediate acceptance will not occur with children of any age. Adolescents find contact with others who have gone through their experience helpful. School-age children can understand a diagnosis of cancer. Infants and toddlers are unaware of the severity of the disease.
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