____________________ are evidence of life in the distant past.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Fossils
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Which small-scale mutation would be most likely to have a catastrophic effect on the functioning of a protein?
A) a base substitution B) a base deletion near the start of a gene C) a base deletion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator codon D) deletion of three bases near the start of the coding sequence, but not in the initiator codon E) a base insertion near the end of the coding sequence, but not in the terminator codon
If the NaCl concentration drops below 1.5 M the cell walls of Halobacterium disintegrate.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
In their 1953 paper on the double-helical structure of DNA, Watson and Crick famously wrote: "It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material." What did they mean?
A. Sexually reproducing organisms swap their DNA. B. The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA holds the helix together in a way that allows the genetic information to be copied. C. Each strand in a DNA double helix contains all the information needed to produce a complementary partner strand. D. When a cell divides, each DNA helix is split between the daughter cells.
What is the consequence of a deleterious mutation becoming fixed in a population?
a. Muller's ratchet will automatically move an additional turn. b. Recombination cannot remove the mutation. c. Mating between unrelated individuals can produce offspring that does not carry the mutation. d. Muller's ratchet may move an additional turn. e. B and D.