Entropy is best defined as
A) the capacity to do work.
B) energy that is due to its temperature.
C) energy that is due to chemical structure.
D) microscopic disorganization.
E) microscopic organization.
D
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Water flowing in a pipe is similar to electric current flowing in a circuit. Which concept in the water flow system is analogous to the battery in an electric circuit?
a) Pump
b) water
c) valve
d) pressure
Nomads in the desert make ice by exposing a thin water layer to cold air during the night. The icing or freezing of thin layers of water is often also referred to as ice making by nocturnal ( or night time ) cooling, where the surface temperature of water is lowered considerably by radioactive and convective cooling, and it had been practiced extensively in ancient India. To model this process and evaluate the conduction process in water layer, consider a 5-mm thick horizontal layer gets cooled such that its top surface is at temperature of - 5 0C. After a while the water begins to freeze at top surface and the ice front expands downwards through the water layer. Determine the location of solid liquid(ice-water) interface if the bottom surface temperature of the liquid water is at 30C.
State your assumptions for the model and calculations.
GIVEN
• Thickness of the layer(t)= 5 mm
• Surface temperature (Ts)= -50C=268 K
• Water temperature(Tw)= 30C= 276 K FIND
Location of solid liquid interface .
ASSUMPTIONS
• 1 Dimensional steady state heat transfer
• Constant properties throughout time
• Negligible radiation
• Negligible convection by liquid.
SKETCH
A catapult is tested by Roman legionnaires. They tabulate the results in a papyrus and 2000 years later the archaeological team reads (distances translated into modern units):
angle of landing height = launch height. What is the initial velocity of launch of the boulders if air resistance is negligible? A) 44 m/s B) 1.4 m/s C) 22 m/s D) 0.69 m/s
A 120-V rms voltage at 60 Hz is applied across an RC circuit. The rms value of the current in the circuit is 0.60 A and it leads the voltage by 60°. What is the value of the resistance in this circuit?
A) 100 ? B) 150 ? C) 120 ? D) 60 ? E) 200 ?