A school-age child has renal disease and the parent wants to know how this could cause the child's hypertension. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
A.
"The high blood pressure caused the kidney disease."
B.
"The kidneys regulate renin, which controls blood pressure."
C.
"The medication your child takes often raises blood pressure."
D.
"The renal diet includes a lot of sodium, which raises blood pressure."
ANS: B
The kidneys regulate renin, a hormone that controls blood pressure. Kidney abnormalities often affect renin, leading to hypertension. In a child this young, the kidney disease most likely came first; in adults, long-standing hypertension is a frequent cause of renal disease. Medications are not the reason. The typical renal diet is low in sodium.
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