Discuss internal versus external causes in attribution. How do we decide to make an internal or an external attribution? Discuss two errors we might make in attribution
What will be an ideal response?
* If we decide the cause of an event or behavior is internal, we attribute it to the individual; and if we decide it has an external cause, we attribute it to the environment.
* Consistency and consensus influence our decisions concerning internal and external causes.
* The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to attribute behavior to internal causes.
* The actor-perceiver bias is the tendency for perceivers to make internal attributions and actors to make external attributions.
* The self-serving bias is the tendency to make internal attributions when we are successful and external attributions when we fail.
* The just-world belief is the belief that bad things happen to bad people and good things happen to good people.
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The tendency for test takers to agree on most of the items is called a(n)
a. guessing threshold. b. acquiescence response set. c. item difficulty. d. the miss rate.
Thought that is intuitive, haphazard, associative, or personal is termed __________ thought
a. inductive b. deductive c. logical d. illogical
What is the single best research setting?
a. a laboratory setting because we can control interference from the environment b. naturalistic setting as much of real life cannot be duplicated in the laboratory c. case study in a natural environment—much information about an individual is obtained d. each has advantages and disadvantages; therefore, there is no one best setting
Dr. Dias’s research shows that the death of a spouse in old age is correlated with a decline in the surviving partner’s physical health. Which conclusion is supported by this study?
A) The death of a spouse causes a decline in the surviving partner’s physical health. B) The death of a spouse is related to a decline in the surviving partner’s physical health. C) A decline in a surviving partner’s physical health can cause the death of a spouse. D) A third variable, such as memory loss, causes a surviving partner’s decline in physical health following the death of a spouse.