A nurse is caring for a patient with schizophrenia. Which accurately describes genetic and environmental causes of schizophrenia?
1. One single gene is responsible for producing schizophrenia.
2. The chance of both monozygotic twins having schizophrenia is 100%.
3. Environmental factors do not affect the risk of developing schizophrenia.
4. First-degree relatives have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia.
Answer: 4
Explanation: An individual's risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder risk is higher than the general population by approximately 12 times if the disorder is present in one biological parent and by 40 times if present in both biological parents. One single gene is not responsible for producing schizophrenia. There is strong evidence that environmental factors do affect the risk of developing schizophrenia. The chance of monozygotic (identical) twins both having schizophrenia is 25 to 39%, not 100%.
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