Why do psychologists infer that many 2-year-old children have a "sense of self"?
a. When they see a spot on their face in the mirror, they touch their face.
b. They speak more slowly when talking to other children than to adults.
c. They pay more attention to an "informed" adult than an uninformed one.
d. When they see an "impossible" event, they stare in apparent surprise.
a
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A researcher is interested in whether high school students who play sports have a higher or lower body mass index (BMI) than students in the general population. The researcher is unsure whether playing sports will decrease body mass (due to more calories burned) or increase body mass (due to more muscle mass). He compares their average body mass index to that of students in the general population
and finds that zobt = +1.92 . This is a _____ test and the researcher should conclude _____. a. one-tailed; that students who are athletes have significantly higher BMIs b. two-tailed; that students who are athletes have significantly higher BMIs c. one-tailed; that students who are athletes do not have significantly higher BMIs d. two-tailed; that students who are athletes do not have significantly higher BMIs
Classical conditioning is most often used to condition
a. reflexes. b. short-term behavior. c. negative behavior. d. positive behavior.
Which of the following pairs of groups tend to be most similar in having relatively high rates of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and marijuana and hard-drug use?
a. teens from impoverished homes and teens from homes with a median income of about $30,000 b. teens from homes with a median income of about $30,000 and teens from homes with a median income of $100,000 or higher c. teens from impoverished homes and teens from homes with a median income of $100,000 or higher d. homes with a median income of about $30,000 and teens from homes with a median income of about $50,000
A study by Göncü and Rogoff (1998) had four conditions in which adults helped children sort photos into categories. In the first condition, adults articulated category rationales for children
In the second condition, adults prompted children to articulate category rationales themselves. In the third condition, adults both articulated category rationales for children, and prompted children to articulate category rationales themselves. In the control condition, adults provided little-to-no scaffolding. Which of the following most accurately portrays the study's results? a. children in the first condition categorized the most items correctly b. children in the second condition categorized the most items correctly c. children in the third condition categorized the most items correctly d. none of the above