Name and describe the characteristics of two paraphilias. Hypothesize on the origins of the paraphilias that you identify
What will be an ideal response?
a . Fetishistic disorder—the key feature of this paraphilia is an intense sexual urge involving a nonsexual item—commonly an inanimate extension of the body such as clothing (e.g., women's undergarments, shoes, purses) or a material of a particular texture (e.g., rubber, leather). The fetish also might be a part of the body—for example, feet. The person holds, rubs, or wears the fetish while masturbating or asks the sexual partner to wear it. The person may be unable to experience sexual arousal without the fetish.
b. Sexual sadism disorder—this paraphilia is characterized by sexually arousing urges and fantasies involving acts that inflict physical or psychological suffering on another person. The person may employ the fantasies during sexual activity or actually perform the acts with a consenting partner. The sadistic acts and fantasies involve having complete control over the other person.
The origins of paraphilias are unknown, but may involve learning (classical or operant conditioning) or faulty cognitive processes or they may be due to poor social skills.
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In a study by Taylor and Hort, three- to five-year-old children were shown an eraser that looked like a cookie. What did the researchers conclude about the working mind of young children from their study?
A. Young children have difficulty with appearance-reality distinction. B. Young children have a firm grip on concrete-realism. C. Young children have an immature understanding of objective-relatively. D. Young children have mastered object permanence.
Which exemplifies the notion of parent as social director during play?
a. A parent who likes to play directly with his or her child b. A parent who actively encourages his or her child to play with others c. A parent who steps in to resolve disputes between his or her child and other children d. A parent who teaches his or her child skills that will make the child better at a game
Most research efforts designed to show that self-esteem affects behavior have been _______.
a. nomothetic b. idiographic c. idiosyncratic d. highly standardized
The alcohol concentration of most wines is about 40 percent
Indicate whether the statement is true or false