A client has received testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client's results of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests have been positive. In explaining the next step, the nurse's response is based on the understanding that:
a. the client will have a bone marrow biopsy to confirm the diagnosis
b. a Western blot test will be done to confirm the diagnosis
c. a CD4+ cell count will be obtained to measure T-helper lymphocytes
d. the client will be diagnosed as HIV-positive and begin medical treatment
B
Once the results of two ELISA tests are positive, the Western blot test is done to confirm the diagnosis. If the result of the Western blot test is positive, the client is diagnosed as positive for HIV.
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The school nurse is teaching parents about the effects of bullying on school children. Which of the following accurately describes this developmental concern?
A) Children who bully are those who report themselves as being lonely and having difficulty in forming friendships. B) Children who are bullied are reported to have low self-esteem, poor grades, and poor interpersonal skills. C) In general, about 20% of all children attending school are frightened and afraid most of the day. D) Both boys and girls are bullied; boys usually bully boys and use force more often.
Which of the following is defined as an organ?
A. Blood cells B. Fingernails C. Heart D. Musculoskeletal system
When adding a client's intake and output, the nurse does not need to include which of the following in the calculation?
1. Oral intake 2. Intravenous fluid intake 3. Nasogastric tube drainage 4. Suctioned sputum
A client with hyperaldosteronism is being treated with spironolactone (Aldactone) before surgery. Which precautions does the nurse teach this client?
a. "Read the label before using salt substi-tutes." b. "Do not add salt to your food when you eat." c. "Avoid exposure to sunlight." d. "Take Tylenol instead of aspirin for pain."