The CEO of a large automobile company says the cars the company makes are safe regardless of the fact that they lead the country in accidents due to faulty equipment. This discrepancy highlights which of the following critical thinking principles?
a) Few "truths" do not need to be tested.
b) All evidence is not equal in quality.
c) Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
d) Critical thinking requires an open mind.
ANS: c) Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
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Grant, a chief executive officer for more than two decades, has observed the rise of many people to positions of leadership in his company. In retrospect, he realizes that most of these people have exhibited a particular set of traits, including intelligence, ambition, a need for power, and an ability to adapt to changing circumstances. Grant's observations are consistent with the
a. great person theory. b. interactions approach. c. transactional approach. d. contingency model.
Ron has many deeply held false beliefs. For instance, he believes he is the most famous psychologist in the world. He also believes that sexy, intelligent, and beautiful women are vying for his attention and affection; when, in fact, they find him a nuisance. He often gets extremely jealous if these women speak or look at other men. It seems that Ron is most likely suffering from
a. a dysthymic disorder. b. catatonic schizophrenia. c. a delusional disorder. d. a dissociative identity disorder.
In men, which of the following is a marked delay in reaching orgasm in men or an infrequency or absence of orgasm following a normal level of sexual interest and arousal and without the person desiring a delay?
a. premature ejaculation b. dysphoria disorder c. delayed ejaculation d. erectile disorder
When a disordered mind may be regarded as unable to formulate and carry out a criminal purpose it is called
a) insanity. b) injustice. c) liberty of illness. d) justified commitment.