In pregnant women, cocaine restricts placental blood flow and oxygen supply to the fetus. Research suggests that the brain systems most damaged by cocaine are those responsible for
a. motor development.
b. speech.
c. controlling attention.
d. vision.
Answer: c. controlling attention
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Fabio had been driving for over twelve hours. He was hungry and tired, so he began looking for a place to spend the night. He read a sign that he thought said "Red Roof Inn," but when he pulled into the parking lot, he realized that the sign read "Reed Roofing, Inc." Fabio's perception that the sign was for the national hotel chain and not a roofing company was most likely due to __________ processing.
A. bottom-up B. top-down C. network D. hallucination
Even when Lepper, Ross, and Lau explained to high school students that prior viewing of a confusing film caused their poor performance on a problem-solving test, the students continued to see themselves as incompetent. This illustrates:
a. the belief perseverance phenomenon. b. the framing effect. c. functional fixedness. d. the availability heuristic. e. the representativeness heuristic.
One major limitation of research methods that rely on self-reports is that ________.
A. the manner of interviewing, more than participants' true thoughts on a topic, tends to shape responses B. the process of interviewing participants is time-consuming and expensive C. participants may knowingly or unknowingly give false reports of their thoughts and experiences D. these methods cannot allow for differences in participants' ability to express themselves
List four aspects of preoperational thought according to Piaget, and choose two to define and provide examples for.
What will be an ideal response?