Which of the following statements regarding insulin is not true?
A) Insulin reduces blood sugar levels.
B) Insulin stimulates the cells of the body to take in glucose from the bloodstream.
C) Insulin is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
D) Insulin is most active after you have eaten a meal.
C
Explanation: Insulin is secreted by the beta, not alpha, cells of the pancreas.
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In graft-versus-host disease,
a. a kidney transplant releases toxic products that affect the host b. a liver transplant releases toxic products that affect the host c. the bone marrow transplant attacks the recipient as being foreign d. the recipient sends cells and molecules to attack the bone marrow
The reaction of the cardiovascular system to higher levels of physical activity _____.
A. can always be predicted by parents B. is fairly predictable C. cannot be totally predicted D. can be reasonably predicted by a friend E. can always be predicted by teachers
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding T cytotoxic cell antigen elimination?
Released interferons by cancer cells or infected cells increases production of MHC II, increasing the likelihood that cytotoxic T cells will "seek and destroy" these cells. Once the threat has been detected by the T cell receptor, the cytotoxic T cell releases perforins that form pores in the target cell and granzymes, which enter through pores to trigger apoptosis. Interferons released by infected or cancer cells attract and activate cytotoxic T cells, while cytokines released by the cytotoxic T cells attract natural killer cells and macrophages. Following apoptosis by cytotoxic T cells, macrophages and natural killer cells clear the dead cells.
Mainstream smoke
A. comes from the burning tip of the cigarette. B. refers to smoke exhaled from the smoker's mouth. C. poses no health risks. D. is more dangerous than sidestream smoke.