A patient has been brought to the emergency department (ED) with signs and symptoms that are characteristic of an ischemic stroke. The ED nurse is aware that a disruption in cerebral blood flow will have initiated the ischemic cascade
The mitochondria in the patient's affected neurons respond to impaired blood supply by:
A) Releasing cytokines that signal the brain to shunt blood flow to alternative routes
B) Metabolizing stored glucose contained in the cytoplasm
C) Changing from aerobic respiration to anaerobic metabolism
D) Signaling the cell nucleus to synthesize oxygen
C
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A hospitalized patient develops multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Which assessment findings would be the best indication of oxygenation status?
1. Absence of central cyanosis 2. Decreased bowel sounds 3. Unlabored respirations 4. Mental slowing 5. Normal pulse amplitude
Genetic testing reveals that a client has the MLH1 gene. The client says, "What do I do now?" What information should the nurse provide?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. "You should closely follow guidelines for increased screening." 2. "There is nothing you can do except try to avoid stress, eat well, and get enough rest." 3. "You should be glad that you have this protective gene." 4. "You might want to have your close relatives screened for the gene." 5. "You should closely follow the guidelines for preventing colorectal cancer."
The nurse explains to a patient with retinal detachment that the surgical implementation that is most effective is:
1. removing the lens. 2. macular bonding. 3. LASIK surgery. 4. scleral buckling.
Reteplase (Retavase) has been ordered for a client diagnosed with a MI. The nurse understands that this drug needs to be administered within which time frame following the onset of symptoms?
1. 45 minutes to 18 hours 2. 30 minutes to 12 hours 3. 90 minutes to 36 hours 4. 60 minutes to 24 hours