Disorders that can lead to alveolar dead space include: 1. pulmonary emboli. 2. partial obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature. 3. destroyed pulmonary vasculature. 4. reduced cardiac output
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 1, 2, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: D
Alveolar dead space is that ventilation that enters into alveoli that are without any perfusion or without adequate perfusion. Disorders that can lead to alveolar dead space include pulmonary emboli, partial obstruction of the pulmonary vasculature, destroyed pulmonary vasculature (as can occur in COPD), and with reduced cardiac output.
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