Which of the following is used in both food production and industrial fermentation?
A. Bacillus thuringiensis
B. Escherichia coli
C. Listeria monocytogenes
D. Pseudomonas syringae
E. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer: E
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Gene expression can be altered more easily at the level of post-transcriptional processing in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes because _____
A) eukaryotic mRNAs get caps and tails B) prokaryotic genes are expressed as mRNA, which is more stable in the cell C) eukaryotic exons may be spliced in alternative patterns D) prokaryotes use ribosomes of different structure and size
With respect to the outer and inner faces of the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, the composition of proteins is
A) asymmetrical. B) identical. C) not identical but symmetrical. D) highly random and varies throughout the cell. E) a mirror image.
A driver gene ____
a. contains a driver mutation that does not affect gene expression b. does not have any effect on cancer progression c. contains a driver mutation that causes apoptosis in normal cells d. contains a driver mutation or is expressed abnormally, conferring a growth advantage to the cell e. is the unmutated form of a proto-oncogene
Which phylum is most closely related
phylogenetically to the first vertebrates? a. Echinodermata b. Arthropoda c. Mollusca d. Annelida e. none of these