Volcanoes are generally not preserved in the geologic rock record as they are eroded away. However, the various materials erupted from volcanoes are often found preserved in the rock record
How could you infer what type of volcano erupted in a given area based on the type of volcanic deposits now found as layers of rock? Give specific examples and briefly discuss if some materials may be linked to different types of volcanoes.
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Answer: Volcanic ash, sometimes deposited thousands of miles away from the erupting volcano, is frequently preserved in the rock record. These ash deposits accurately reflect the chemistry of the source volcano, which must be fairly explosive to produce the eruption column in the first place. Composite volcanoes are most likely to be preserved in terms of their ash deposits.
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