An infant is brought to the emergency department with the following clinical signs: poor skin turgor, weight loss, lethargy, tachycardia, and tachypnea. This is suggestive of which of the following?
1. Sodium excess
2. Water depletion
3. Potassium Excess
4. Fluid overload
2
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1. An infant with sodium excess would have weight gain because of fluid retention as well as a doughy skin turgor.
2. The weight loss and poor skin turgor indicate the lack of fluid in the body. The high heart and respiratory rates are because the blood is thicker, making the heart and lungs work harder.
3. The infant is not exhibiting cardiac arrhythmias that are part of hyperkalemia.
4. The infant would have increased weight, a doughy skin turgor, and a sluggish pulse if fluid overload was occurring.
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