Which of the following is true of the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
A) ?An independent variable is a characteristic that has an effect on the dependent variable, the outcome.
B) ?An independent variable is a characteristic that is constant and unchanged during the research process, while a dependent variable varies during the research process.
C) ?An independent variable is not used in a hypothesis, while a dependent variable is used in a hypothesis.
D) ?An independent variable uses a dependent variable to acquire knowledge based on tradition and authority.
E) ?An independent variable uses a dependent variable for deductive reasoning.
A
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Which of the following is a key finding ofEdin, Shaefer, and Talbert’s research?
a. Most incidents of $2-a-day poverty are concentrated among children experiencing such spells episodically. b. In-kind assistance has a more positive effect on $2-a-day poverty households than cash assistance. c. The rise in $2-a-day poverty households in the United States is directly related to increased use of TANF benefits. d. The majority of children who live in $2-a-day poverty households have at least one parent working.
The divorce rate in the United States rose steadily since the nineteenth century. In his interview with Dalton Conley, Andrew Cherlin suggests that one of the primary reasons for this paradox of the increasing divorce rate at the same time the "love of marriage" persists is due to
a.) dramatic shifts in our economy since the 1900s. b.) the "sexual revolution" of the 1960s. c.) increased poverty in many states. d.) the pervasive idea of individualism that has flourished in America since the Colonial period.
An operational definition is
A. a relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other. B. the extent to which a measure provides consistent results. C. an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept. D. a speculative statement about the relationship between two variables.
In all developed nations, which of the following is a characteristic of the first stage of the demographic transition?
A. The birth rates and death rates are low. B. Many people easily attain adulthood. C. Women marry young and have many children. D. All people survive to old age.