The nurse suspects that a pregnant client is experiencing effects to the gastrointestinal system because of elevated progesterone levels. What did the nurse assess to make this clinical determination? Select all that apply
1. Nausea
2. Bloating
3. Diarrhea
4. Vomiting
5. Constipation
2, 5
Explanation:
1. Nausea is common during the first trimester and may result from several factors, including elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, relaxation of the smooth muscle of the stomach, and changed carbohydrate metabolism.
2. Elevated progesterone levels cause smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in delayed gastric emptying and decreased peristalsis. As a result the pregnant woman may complain of bloating.
3. Diarrhea is not an expected effect of pregnancy on the gastrointestinal system.
4. Vomiting is common during the first trimester and may result from several factors, including elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, relaxation of the smooth muscle of the stomach, and changed carbohydrate metabolism
5. Elevated progesterone levels cause smooth muscle relaxation, resulting in delayed gastric emptying and decreased peristalsis. As a result the pregnant woman may complain of constipation.
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To best determine how a client copes with stressors, the nurse should ask which of the following questions?
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