Monthly focus groups are held with the purpose of gaining ideas and insights from nursing administration and staff nurses. Which type of communication does this indicate?

1. Lateral communication
2. Downward communication
3. Diagonal communication
4. Grapevine communication


3
Explanation: 1. Diagonal communication involves dialogue among individuals at different hierarchical levels
(e.g., staff nurses to chief executive officer of nursing). Lateral communication involves
discussion among individuals at the same hierarchical level (e.g., all nurse supervisors).
Downward communication involves direction giving from management to the staff. Grapevine
communication is an informal channel among individuals at all hierarchical levels and has the
potential for the generation of misinformation.

Nursing

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